A True Jack the Ripper - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1604 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/08/02 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Jack The Ripper Essay Did you like this example? Â  Nearly 130 years ago, an English town by the name of Whitechapel was plagued by a vicious serial killer. This killer was known as Jack the Ripper, and rightfully so, as he was famous for his brutal slaughtering of women. Despite these crimes occurring long ago, there are many people throughout history, and present day, who call themselves Ripperologists. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A True Jack the Ripper" essay for you Create order These people spend countless hours researching and analyzing case facts in order to solve various aspects of Jack the Rippers case. Aspects such as why he committed the murders, who he was, and if cases similar to his can help discover his true identity. Each Ripperologist has claimed that they have accurately identified him, although that can not be the case for each one because there can only be one true Jack the Ripper. Based on the numerous credible sources that have claimed to explain why the crimes occurred and who did them, it is apparent that no one has proven who it was with 100% certainty. Through my research into the details of the slayings, psychological theories, and police investigations, I have found that there is so much more information that is needed to know about the crimes in order to accuse someone of being the true Jack the Ripper. The Killings The Ripper first struck the English town on August 31, 1888, killing Mary Ann Nichols (Goldstein). Unknown at the time, but Nichols was just the first victim in a string of brutal murders. Jack the Ripper was the kind of murderer who was proud of his work, he had a MO, or modus operandi, that he would do to each victim. A criminals MO is like a signature, something to show the world that it was their work, which is one factor showing that this was a complicated case. According to Jack Nickell, a well-known Ripperologist, each victim had her throat cut and abdomen ripped open (Nickell). With each murder, the fear grew stronger because, in the end, there were five prostitutes were brutally slain. (Nickell). Because of the Rippers MO, the question wasnt whether it was all done by the same person, the question was the identity of the criminal. The name Jack the Ripper came to be when letters began to be received by the Central News Agency and the Metropolitan Police signed Jack the Ripper(Nickell). Even though it was later proven that it was just journalists, the name caught on. The name Jack the Ripper does not give any direction as to who the killer might have been, the name is really only for the publicity, which is just one of the factors that made this case so impossible to solve. Moon madness There are many theories as to why certain people commit crimes, some psychologists blame genetics, some attribute violent behavior to childhood abuse, but there are a few who think that the Rippers actions can be associated with the phases of the moon. This unfamiliar belief is also known as Moon Madness, or the Transylvanian Effect (Owens). In an excerpt from the German Journal of Psychiatry, authors Mark Owens and Iain McGowan gather an abundance of statistics through accredited experiments and research to explain what the phenomenon is and how accepted it is in the medical world. According to their research, 81% of mental healthcare professionals reported a belief in behaviour being influenced by lunar cycles(Owens). However, as they look at the actual numbers in the observations, they find out that there is not a significant amount of data that shows the lunar phases affecting a persons mind. In his book titles Western Folklore, author George D. Hendricks states that moon madness was suggested by an American expert here as a possible explanation of why Jack the Ripper killed five women in London in 1888(Hendricks). Even though an expert made the connection between the Ripper and Moon Madness, the idea of the moon influencing violent behavior has been transformed into something fantastical like werewolves and vampires, thus making it less believable that it had any impact on or identifying the Jack the Ripper. This is a prime example of researchers making large stretches in order to claim that they know more about the case than the next guy, instead of trying to look at all the facts and solving this 100-year-old mystery. These irrational claims are not the first for this case, the police force at the time started to become less and less reliable as I dug into primary sources. Police There are many difficult tasks that police departments have to handle everyday, and there is no hiding the fact that some of those tasks are not done in the correct, or in a fair way. Today, police corruption and brutality the most public it has ever been, but it has always been a problem, even if it wasnt overt. In the nineteenth century, there was little to no internal affairs (inside investigations regarding workings of a police force), which led to some police misconduct. In an article from an 1889 issue of the London Newspaper, Illustrated London News the Commissioner of Police expressed that there was increasing crime, andthe authorised strength of the Metropolitan police forceis not equal to the duties imposed on it. (Illustrated London News). This statement indicates that the police at the time were not equipped to handle the situation and did not have the resources or knowledge direct a thorough investigation. Consequently, all of the information that was provided by the department could be considered questionable. Another example of the polices incompetence can be found in a political cartoon that was drawn soon after the killings. In the drawing, a policeman is blindfolded while pointing at random people with the caption turn round three times and catch whom you may!(Tenniel). This depiction of the police is another reason that the suspects and statements from the police are not reliable because they even seemed idiotic to citizens of that time. One of the most serious accusations made toward the police was by Goldstein who conjured up the idea that various elements of the investigation were covered up or thwarted by senior figures, whether within the force (Goldstein). The idea of a police cover-up is not unfamiliar in modern times, in fact, it is something that our country is still dealing with today. Cover-up, corruption, and incompetence are all components of misconduct and makes res earchers today question the facts of the case, making it more difficult to identify the killer. Other Claims People will declare almost anything to the media to get attention, from fake tips to fake news, knowing something that other people dont can influence behavior dramatically. One story that seemed to travel rather quickly was the notion that Jack the Ripper struck again, overseas in South America. Authors of Jack the Ripper: The Forgotten Victims, John Bennett and Paul Begg, suggest the idea that the Ripper either made his way to Jamaica and performed the same malicious acts, or he had a copycat. In this book, they discuss the investigation of a woman who was killed in a way that exhibited a resemblance to Ripper victims, her murder was a catalyst for sensational and misleading reporting(Begg). Numerous articles were released soon after the murder with quotes such as like the Jack the Ripper victims and Jack the Ripper of Whitechapel has emigrated from the scene of his ghastly murders, instilling fear in the citizens of Jamaica (Begg). The terror that Jack the Ripper was back only fue led the fire for making illegitimate connections, that is until a medical examiner took a look at the bodies and said, I cannot satisfy myself, on purely anatomical professional grounds that the perpetrator of all the Wh Ch. murders is [Jack the Ripper](Begg ). There was a confession from a man named Benjamin Ranger, who most likely killed the woman in Jamaica, but probably not the ones in White Chapel. The consensus that the authors came to is that there is not enough evidence that proves Jack the Ripper did the crime, but it was more of domino effect, where the media would make illegitimate connections between murders. An additional component of the case that was soon deemed inaccurate were the alleged Ripper Diaries. In 1991, a diary that turned up that was believed to belong to Jack the Ripper, the diary was then inspected by Kenneth Rendell, the same person who investigated the Hitler Diaries. Incorrect facts paired with a journalist confessing that he wrote the diaries, they were soon disregarded as something that could help identify the killer. These are all examples of people trying and failing to put a real name to the stage name of the notorious killer, further supporting my claim that no one has fully identified Jack the Ripper. Because these crimes and investigations were all done in a time with no forensic analysis, DNA, or fingerprint comparisons, the only sure way that a detective could accurately identify a criminal was if they were caught in the act. Unfortunately, none of the murders had witnesses, so the hundreds of accusations made are merely speculation. Author Paul Begg asks if it is a mystery that will ever be solved, and the disappointing answer is that it probably wont (Begg). Based on the research I have done, and the countless allegations made, I agree that no one person has figured out who he was and instead of just looking at the victims, or just lo oking at his psychology, you have to look at all of the aspects as a whole to ensure that the right person is brought to justice.

What Is Wealth Disparity - 1291 Words

What exactly is wealth disparity? And why does it matter? The website inequality.org is a fascinating website full of statistics on this topic and provides data by analyzing whether policies instituted help, or hurt this problem. They define wealth inequality as â€Å"the unequal distribution of assets within a population. The United States exhibits wider disparities of wealth between rich and poor than any other major developed nation† (inequality.org, 2017, para. 1). Using terms such as distribution of assets would give the idea that we live in a socialistic economy. This word seems to be Taboo in America, but people don’t realize that we are very close to this concept. It is just hidden better. There are many reasons that this†¦show more content†¦I will use the information from this site to supplement many statements throughout the essay. This site does not specify why the gap is wideing or offer any solutions, but adds that element of facts that wil l be difficult to debate. Annotation 2: McKernan, S., Ratcliffe, C. Steuerle, E., Zhang, S., (2014). American Economic Review, v. 104, iss. 5, pp. 240-44 This article focuses on the great depression and how it affected the income and wealth of Americans. Many good points are being made like history showing that societies generally became richer than previous ones, and accumulate more wealth. Unfortunately, this trend has not continued the past few decades, at least for the middle class and below. A variable that will be used in the essay is race in comparison to one another. Has the same level of disparity occurred in whites as in minority groups? Luckily, this article provides some interesting facts and viewpoints on this subject. Another element that is introduced is advanced statistical formulas such as regression analysis and the use of coefficients to provide hard data that is free from human bias. This brief article complements the others in showing how specific groups were affected by wealth inequality instead of making a generalized statement. It is good to pinpointShow MoreRelatedThe Effect Of Macroeconomic Shifts On The Ridge Tool Company Essay982 Words   |  4 Pagesthe short term. We will be examining the effect of macroeconomic shifts on the Ridge Tool Company, a subsidiary of Emerson Electric. Being that Ridge tool is a manufacturing firm, the macroeconomic variables that have the most impact are consumer wealth, resource costs and expectations. First the variables will be defined, then they will be analyzed using a historic perspective against ridge tool’s financial statements, and finally, we will be comparing to prior research to note any similaritiesRead MoreThe United States The Criminal Justice System856 Words   |  4 Pagespeople, whether this is intentional or not is beside the point. The important thing is to change the criminal justice system in o rder to stop race disparities. Marc Mauer in his lecture speaks of the reason for the disparity between races when it comes to the incarceration rate, as well as steps that can be taken in order to elevate, and or stop the disparity in the criminal justice system. Other topics that Mauer covers are the impact that policies can have on a specific group in the United States,Read MoreMeasuring Racial And Ethnic Inequality1508 Words   |  7 PagesInterpreting Social Science Data, â€Å"Numbers never speak for themselves.† Klass’s purpose for this chapter is to demonstrate the range of data that is derived from social indicators and that can be used to analyze racial and ethnic disparities in different spheres such as income and wealth, health, education, and criminal justice. After summarizing the content covered in the chapter, Klass’s methodology and findings can be discussed and evaluated. Klass introduces the chapter by telling a brief anecdote aboutRead MoreEconomic Inequality And Its Effects On Economic Growth1709 Words   |  7 Pagesimplications. Although there are arguments on the consequences of wealth redistribution and its unintended impact on economic growth, wealth should be redistributed to reduce inequality and poverty, sequentially leading to more economic development and a higher standard of living for society. Economic inequality occurs in two forms: income inequality and wealth inequality. There remains a dispute between whether income inequality or wealth inequality should be the focus to reducing economic inequalityRead MoreAmerican Capitalism And The Economic System1324 Words   |  6 Pages Wealthy disparity in America is greater than it has ever been, yet nothing seems to be done by the government to fix it. Bridging the wealth gap in America would require government regulation from government, but the American government is controlled by the wealthy. Rich business owners give large sums of money towards political campaigns, thus gaining them political favor. Along with a corrupted government, large corporations have taken up almost all market share in their respective industriesRead MoreThe American Dream1560 Words   |  7 Pagesgroup of wealth owners in the country, and aimed for equality. The media even started to show the inequality between the 1 percent-ers and the rest of th e population. The gap between the mega-rich and the rest clearly exists, but people rarely talk about the gap between gender, races, and all the inequalities at all levels of wealth. It is important to understand that a wealth gap does exist between the rich and everyone else but also to see that inequality is prevalent at all levels of wealth or understandRead MoreThe Election Of Obama Into The Highest Political Office1728 Words   |  7 Pagesgroups and manifests in severe inequalities particularly spurred on by capitalism. Capitalism refers to an economic system whereby ownership of as well as investment in the means of production is made by private corporations or individuals to whom wealth accrues since they own the means of production. Society morphed from the feudal system to a bourgeois one that did not eliminate class antagonisms (Marx and Engels para 8). Instead, â€Å"it has but established new classes, new conditions of oppressionRead MoreAffirmative Action Is Not Necessary1511 Words   |  7 Pagesand employment disparity between the white and the minorities in the United States, but its implementation needs to be renovated. Affirmative action in education at a college level has been an issue that has sparked a lot of debates over the use of race as a criteria for admission into a college, but for affirmative action to truly but relevant in today’s world. It needs to be implemented from the ground up or from public education system in order to overcome the educational disparity that exists atRead MoreEssay on Analysis of YouTube Video Wealth Inequality in America647 Words   |  3 PagesWealth inequality; its not a topic many people would choose to make a YouTube video about. However, earlier this year a video regarding this very topic went viral and received over 12 million views on YouTube. It is titled, Wealth Inequality in America, which was produced by the YouTube user Politizane. The issue of wealth inequality across the United States is well known, but this video shows you the magnitude of the disproportion in intense and illustrative manner. It uses charts to explain inRead MoreKarl Marx and Capitalism Essay880 Words   |  4 Pages Capitalism dominates the world today. Known as a system to create wealth, capitalism’s main purpose is to increase profits through land, labor and free market. It is a replacement of feudalism and slavery. It promises to provide equality and increases living standards through equal exchanges, technological innovations and mass productions. However, taking a look at the global economy today, one can clearly see the disparity between developed and developing countries, and the persistence of poverty

FBI Case Study Free Essays

The â€Å"Who Killed the Virtual Case File? † case study is a clear example of project failure which resulted on not only balloon the cost of the project, but also loss that could be counted on millions of dollars. Because of the size of the project and the failure of the project, it is broadly used to prevent future IT Project Management disasters. Project Overview: When special agent Larry Depew collected evidence of illegal activity of the Russian and Italian mafia tax skim activity, FBI didn’t have database system, which could organize and support all the information gathering processes that were needed for the organization. We will write a custom essay sample on FBI Case Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now A decade later, Depew was landed in his first project management job called FBI Virtual Case File project (VCF), even though he had no previous experience. In the PMBOK Guide book describes what abilities a project manager should possess to successfully manage projects is: knowledge, performance and personal . In the results of lack of experience and ineffective planning the project was unfortunate failure. Because of availability of funds, the FBI’s 23 divisions developed own database system for each of the different divisions. In the result FBI ended up with 45-50 different investigative databases and applications, which are not communicating with each other. Also, the Automated Case Support (ACS) system was cumbersome to use, inefficient and had limited functional capabilities. Additionally all 13000 were really old which resulted in not supporting new software’s. Intranet that connected FBI offices had 56-kilobit-per second modems. SAIC (Applications International Corp. ) for software developed delivered 700,000 lines of code bug-ridden, off target system which resulted in $105 million worth loss. However, researches and findings showed that the FBI—lacking IT management and technical expertise—shares the blame for the project’s failure. The research and study later on painted a picture of an enterprise IT project that fell into the most basic traps of software development, from poor requirement gathering, planning and bad communication between software developer and FBI. The key issues related to the failure of the project: * Violation of the Project Scope Management. One of the main factors of VSF project was poorly defined business requirements and overly specific nature of the requirements defined in systems design and analysis phase which resulted in creating 400 functional deficiencies found after testing the system. * Violation of the Project Cost Management The lack of IT investment processes resulted in ballooning the cost of the project in spite of the millions of dollars spending which was the also one of the main reason of VSF project failure. Violation of the Project Time Management Overly ambitious schedules and poorly defined schedule is one of the among VSF project failures. * Violation of Project Risk Management Procedure The lack of a plan to guide hardware purchases and deployment was one also of the failures of VSF project. Resolution: * The FBI’s higher management will be participating in the new software development to overcome the discrepancies associated with the previous those were VCF project. FBI is planning to purchase software from the vendor to digitize all documents, crime related evidence paperwork processes in the single database and still continue use VCF project systems up until it will be replaced with the desired software. * The new project will deploy and create new monitoring, risk management system which involves planning, scheduling and target oriented testing. Relevance to IT Project Management: * Project Scope Management Project Scope Management includes the processes required to ensure that project includes all the work required, to complete the project successfully. Scope Management includes following steps: clearly defining and documenting project business requirements by the company shareholders (collect requirements), develop a detailed description of the project (define scope), subdivide project deliverables and project work into smaller, manageable components (create WBS), formalize acceptance of the completed project deliverables, and monitoring the status and scope (verify scope), and managing changes to the scope baseline (control scope). FBI’s VSF project failed to define detailed project requirements, formalize acceptance of completed project deliverables by SAIC and monitoring and managing the scope by project manager. * Violation of the Project Cost Management Project Cost Management includes the processes involved in estimating, budgeting, and controlling costs so that the project can be completed within the approved budget. The cost management process includes: developing an approximation of the monetary resources (estimate costs), estimating costs of the individual activities (determine budget) and monitoring the status of the project budget and managing changes to the cost baseline (control costs). VSF project failed to address cost control in project cost management, because it had possibility to receive funding from the government. * Violation of the Project Time Management. Project Time Management includes the processes required to manage timely completion of the project. It includes following processes: identifying the specific actions to be performed to produce the project deliverables (define activities), identifying and documenting relationships among the project activities (sequence activities), estimating quantities of material, people, equipment, or supplies required to perform each activity (estimate activity resources), coming up with the approximate number of works periods needed to omplete individual activities with estimated resource (estimate activity durations), analyzing activity sequences, durations, resource requirements, and schedule constrains to create project schedule (develop schedule), and monitoring the status of the project to update project progress and managing changes to the schedule baseline (control schedule). In VSF project most of the required activities in time management FBI m anagement and SAIC failed to follow. * Violation of Project Risk Management Procedure. Project Risk Management includes the processes of conducting risk management planning, identification, analysis, response planning, and monitoring and control on the project. It includes following processes: defining how to conduct risk management activities (planning), determining which risks may affect the project and documenting their characteristics (identify risks), prioritizing risks for further analysis and combining their probability of occurrence and impact (perform qualitative risk analysis). Numerically analyzing the effect of identified risks on overall project objectives (perform quantitative risk analysis), developing options and actions to enhance opportunities and reduce threats to project objectives (plan risk responses), and implementing risk response plan, tracking identified risks, monitoring residual risks, identifying new risks, and evaluating risk process effectiveness throughout the project (monitor and control risk). In the FBI case none of the project risk management was applied to minimize risk associated with the possibility of the failure of the VSF project. Key Takeaways: It is important follow IT project management rules in order to develop the system. Main lessons learnt from the case study: * Business requirement analysis and technical requirements are crucial in the success of the project in planning phase. * Managing communication between companies’ key shareholders and server providers is required for productive outcome of the development. * Project monitoring and testing is vital task and should be accepted throughout the development * Prototypes be shown to client on regular basis to avoid all changes required at the end of the project * Having a individuals without proper knowledge in the rojects leads to the project success * Planning and monitoring leads to delivering the right product and timely completion of the project * Unsystematic approach in project time management could lead to delay in completion of projects * Deficient and unsatisfactory requirements lead to incomplete projects failure Research Approach For my research approach, I used Project Management and body of knowledge to identify main processes of the project management, and applied some basics acquired from the Systems Analysis and Design class to identify where FBI’s VSF project failed to address and manage this huge multimillion dollar project. How to cite FBI Case Study, Free Case study samples

What Drucker Taught us About Social Responsibility

Questions: 1. Interpret Cohens beliefs regarding the social responsibility of a business to its workers, stakeholders, and society as a whole. 2. Explain how does this perspective aligns with that of Drucker. 3. Compare Cohens opinion to Friedmans opinion. Answers: Interpretation of Cohens beliefs regarding the social responsibility of a business to its workers, stakeholders, and society as a whole. In the early days, social issues were widely regarded as issues that were considered to be governments responsibility. In accordance to Cohen, the professionals who are in charge of the administrative positions in the various organizations should take these sorts of social responsibilities for the common good of the individual as well as the organization (Cohen, 2009). Cohen was of the opinion that for an organization to run properly, its stakeholders should get proper dividends as well as its workers and managers should get their salaries in time. The concept of social responsibility of can is elaborated as responsibilities of an organization to enhance, protect and promote the well-being and welfare of its employees and the society as a whole. In accordance with Cohen's beliefs, it can be stated that an organization should be socially responsible for its workers as well as stakeholders for several reasons. Firstly, it is the ethical thing to do according to Cohen. Secondly, workers and the society would benefit vastly as a result of this sort of an approach from and organization and it would thereby enhance the quality of life in the society as a whole. Lastly, the business organization would also benefit vastly from this approach as keeping the stakeholders and employees satisfied, would increase the productivity and the profit margins of the organization. This is the interpretation of Cohen's beliefs with reference to social responsibility towards workers and stakeholders, by a business firm (HINRICHS, WANG, HINRICHS, ROMERO, 2012). Explanation of the alignment of the above stated perspective with that of Drucker. Druckers theory also reveals the fact that his perspective and Cohens perspective are somewhat aligned in some instances. It can be further observed their opinions are compatible in regarding the concept of social responsibility of an organization towards its workers, stakeholders, and society as a whole. Drucker's principle perspective was the fact that a worker's well-being in and out of the workplace is the social responsibility of a corporate leader, along with looking for the profitability, growth, and welfare of the business organization (Cohen, 2013). But, keeping in mind that the fundamental concept of Druckers and Cohens perspectives are aligned, it should also be pointed out that Druckers perspective had some significant differences despite sharing same principles with Cohen regarding social responsibility. Firstly, in accordance to Drucker, the Government could not successfully implement social programs and in turn, could not possibly solve any social problems. Secondly, a lthough Drucker believed in an organization having a social responsibility towards its workers but he was of the opinion that corporate mission comes first, and it is the fundamental responsibility of the organization to cover operational costs and make profits, regardless of any other factors (Drucker de Wolf, 2011). Drucker also believed that there exists unique ethics of social responsibilities and there could not possibly exist a single solution for all contingencies. From this explanation, the alignment of Druckers perspective with that of above stated Cohens perspective is clarified. Comparison between Cohens and Friedmans opinion. There exist certain differences in Cohens and Friedmans opinions when it comes to the concept of social responsibility. Differing with Cohen, Friedman was of the opinion that the successful business firms in the modern day society have to play specific roles within the organization. Friedman analyzed the company as an economic institution and believed in the concept that an organization should act and specialize within an economic sphere (Salb, Friedman, Friedman, 2011). Friedman believed that profitability of the organization is its fundamental priority and it has no other responsibilities. But, on the contrary, Cohen was of the opinion that a business organization must seek profits but along with that, it should also be socially responsible towards its workers as well as stakeholders. If further comparisons are drawn between the two perspectives, it can further be witnessed that Friedman believed social responsibility for workers and stakeholders could not be achieved by the busin ess organization without neglecting the primary goal which is the maximization of profit, but Cohen believed otherwise (Friedman, 1984). References Cohen, W. (2009). What Drucker taught us about social responsibility.Leader To Leader,2009(51), 29-34. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ltl.315 Cohen, W. (2013). Peter Drucker Wants You to Be a Heroic Leader Now. Organizational Dynamics, 42(1), 70-80. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2012.12.009 Drucker, A. de Wolf, R. (2011). Theory Of Computing, 1(1), 1-54. https://dx.doi.org/10.4086/toc.gs.2011.002 Friedman, G. (1984). Book Reviews. Business History, 26(3), 361-363. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/000767918400000017 HINRICHS, K., WANG, L., HINRICHS, A., ROMERO, E. (2012). Moral Disengagement Through Displacement of Responsibility: The Role of Leadership Beliefs. Journal Of Applied Social Psychology, 42(1), 62-80. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00869.x Salb, D., Friedman, H., Friedman, L. (2011). The Role of Information Technology in Fulfilling the Promise of Corporate Social Responsibility. CIS, 4(4). https://dx.doi.org/10.5539/cis.v4n4p2